• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method for diagnosing faults in solar inverters that, in the event of a dc current leakage event, the inverter activates the corresponding protection, interrupting the production of energy; and then activates a sequence of fault diagnosis maneuvers, configured to detect the chain of panels that has the leakage; and wherein said sequence of maneuvers comprises discarding the failure in the alternating current (ac) part by opening it first; where if the failure of the ac part disappears, a diagnosis is not carried out by channels; and where, if the failure does not disappear, the dc contactors are opened; then they close and open one by one checking the insulation resistance; and where the channels that when closing report insulation failure must be opened and remain open until the fault is corrected. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2589148A1
    申请号:ES201630704
    申请日:2016-05-30
    公开日:2016-11-10
    发明作者:David SALVO LILLO；Abelardo Salvo Lillo；Antonio Poveda Lerma
    申请人:Power Electronics Espana SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    METHOD FOR FAILURE DIAGNOSIS IN SOLAR INVESTORS
    Technology Sector
    The object of the present invention is a new method of diagnosing failures for solar inverters in photovoltaic plants that can open and close each of the strings (solar panel chains) of a photovoltaic park by communications.
    State of the art
    The disconnection units that can close the contactors in block with the running order are currently known. However, systems that allow the introduction of a contactor opening block in case of non-zero direct current (DC) are unknown. Nor are systems known in which it is possible to individually activate each contactor to perform the diagnostic fault diagnosis sequence.
    Description of the invention
    An object of the invention is a method for diagnosing faults in solar inverters that allow the introduction of a contactor opening block in case of non-zero direct current (DC) reading. It is also an object of the invention to individually activate each contactor to carry out the diagnosis failure sequence of isolation.
    For this, the invention is configured for the individual measurement of voltage and current of each of the strings (solar panel chains) which allows the analysis of the aging of the photovoltaic field from the measurements of current, voltage and solar radiation. The voltage and current measurements received in the main processor of the system of the invention are transmitted to the central controller.
    The present invention is also configured for the detection and protection of overvoltages and insulation failures. All this thanks to the different aspects indicated in the independent claims that accompany this specification and which are incorporated herein by reference. Other practical embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims that
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    they are also incorporated herein by reference to them.
    Throughout the description and the claims the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical features, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be derived partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention. The following examples and drawings are provided by way of illustration, and are not intended to restrict the present invention. In addition, the present invention covers all possible combinations of particular and preferred embodiments indicated herein.
    Exhibition of a detailed mode of realization of the invention
    In a particular embodiment of the invention, the operation of the method for diagnosing faults in channel isolation establishes the following steps:
    a) In the event of a leakage of DC current in the photovoltaic field, the inverter activates the corresponding protection, interrupting the energy production prior to the failure state.
    b) Once in the fault state, the inverter activates a sequence of fault diagnosis maneuvers that are configured to detect the string (solar panel chain) that has the current leak.
    Failure diagnosis maneuvers is one of the functions of the system and allows you to find out where the insulation fault is located. To do this, after detecting an insulation fault by the guard (the registered insulation resistance is lower than the minimum preset resistance), proceed as follows:
    (b.1) First, the AC part is opened to rule out the fault on this side. It is possible that the insulation failure has taken place in AC, if so and when it disappears, we will avoid diagnosing by channels in DC.
    (b.2) If the fault does not disappear after step (b.1) is carried out, all DC contactors are opened. Next is
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    they close and open one by one checking the insulation resistance in each case. That / those channels / is that when closed they report insulation failure they must open and remain open until the fault is corrected. Through a screen it should be possible to visualize the status of each of the channels (basically if it is correct or there is a fault).
    The diagnostic fault sequence starts in each of the power modules that form the inverter through a fieldbus. The sequence for the detection of current leakage in the strings is carried out by activating / deactivating the electromagnetic contactors included in the disconnection unit (DU). However, the activation / deactivation functions of the contactors will be commanded from a control system. This control system, essentially a processor implements the maneuver configurations depending on the inverter's topology in the different circuits of the photovoltaic field and which are described below in the present specification. Finally, after detecting the circuit or circuits with leakage current, the corresponding contactors will remain open, while the inverter remains in operation after disconnecting the corresponding DC circuit.
    There are three maneuver configurations associated with the diagnosis of failures and which are described in detail below:
    (a) A first configuration with isolated poles. In this configuration, the continuous reading of the insulation resistance is carried out:
    (a.1) If the measured resistance is lower than the ALERT insulation resistance configured in the system, then an alert signal is sent to the central control.
    (a.2) If the measured resistance is inferred to the configured FAIL resistance. The system then transmits a FAIL signal to the central control that is associated with a relay connected in series with the emergency mushroom or to a digital input of the central control associated in turn with the emergency mushroom. The system does not rearm until the insulation fault disappears, that is, until the insulation resistance reading is greater than the FAILED insulation resistance plus a hysteresis also adjustable. The resistance reading is continuous.
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    (b) A second pole-to-ground configuration without isolation guard or GFDI (Ground Detection Fault Switch, literally ground fault detection switch). In the event of an insulation failure, the GFDI melts, whose warning is transmitted to the disconnection unit (DU) and from the DU to the central control causing the equipment to stop. The system does not reset until the GFDI is replaced.
    (c) A third configuration with ground pole with insulation guard. In this configuration, when the processor detects starting conditions, it sends the order to open the contactor in series to the GFDI and the DU, which in turn opens the contactor.
    (c.1) If the relevant time has elapsed to carry out the measurement, the insulation guard stops giving fault, the contactor closes again in order of the central control.
    (c.2) It is then verified that the insulation guard stops failing, the contactor closes again in order of the central control. It is then checked that the insulation guard goes into failure, if the contactor has closed, this is how it should be. Then the team starts.
    (c.3) In case of detecting the guard an insulation fault with the contactor in series with the GFDI open, that is, until the reading of the insulation resistance is greater than the FAILED insulation resistance plus a hysteresis also adjustable. In the event of an insulation failure in operation (that is, with the ground pole / contactor closed), the GFDI melts whose warning is transmitted to the DU and from the DU to the central control causing the equipment to stop. The system does not reset until the GFDI is replaced.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
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    1 - Method for diagnosing failures in solar inverters comprising the stages of:
    (a) in the event of a DC current leakage in the photovoltaic field, the inverter activates the corresponding protection, interrupting the energy production prior to the failure state; Y
    (b) once in the fault state, the inverter activates a sequence of fault diagnosis maneuvers that are configured to detect the solar panel chain that has the current leakage; and characterized in that said sequence of fault diagnosis maneuvers comprises the stages of
    (b.1) rule out the fault in the AC part by opening it first; where if the fault disappears when the AC part disappears, a diagnosis is not made through DC channels; Y
    (b.2) If the fault does not disappear after step (b.1) is carried out, all DC contactors are opened; then they close and open one by one checking the insulation resistance in each case; and where the channels that when closed report insulation failure should open and remain open until the fault is corrected.
    [2]
    2. - The method of claim 1 wherein the diagnostic fault sequence is initiated in each of the power modules that form the inverter through a fieldbus.
    [3]
    3. - The method of any of claims 1-2 wherein the sequence for detecting the leakage of current in the strings is carried out by activating / deactivating the electromagnetic contactors included in the disconnection unit (DU) while that the activation / deactivation functions of the contactors will be commanded from a control system.
    [4]
    4. - The method according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein there is a maneuvering sequence for a first configuration with isolated poles; and where in this configuration the continuous reading of the insulation resistance is carried out in such a way that:
    (a.1) If the measured resistance is less than the insulation resistance of
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    ALERT configured in the system, then an alert signal is sent to the central control; and where
    (a.2) If the measured resistance is to infer the configured FAIL resistance then the system transmits a FAIL signal to the central control that is associated with a relay connected in series with the emergency mushroom or to a digital input of the associated central control turn to the emergency mushroom; and where the inverter does not rearm until the insulation fault disappears, that is, until the insulation resistance reading is greater than the FAILED insulation resistance plus a hysteresis also adjustable.
    [5]
    5. - The method according to any of claims 1-3 wherein there is a maneuvering sequence with a second configuration of pole to ground without isolation guard or GFDI; and where in case of insulation failure, the GFDI melts, whose warning is transmitted to the disconnection unit (DU) and from the DU to the central control causing the equipment to stop; and where the system does not rearm until the GFDI is replaced.
    [6]
    6. - The method according to any of claims 1-3 wherein there is a maneuvering sequence with a third configuration with ground pole with isolation guard; and where in this third configuration, when the processor detects starting conditions, it sends the order to open the contactor in series to the GFDI and to the DU which, in turn, opens the contactor; and where, in addition:
    (c.1) if the pertinent time has elapsed to carry out the measurement, the insulation guard stops giving fault, the contactor closes again in order of the central control;
    (c.2) it is then verified that the insulation guard stops failing, the contactor closes again in order of the central control; it is then checked that the insulation guard goes into failure, if the contactor has closed, this is how it should be, then the equipment starts;
    (c.3) In case of detecting the guard an insulation fault with the contactor in series with the GFDI open, that is, until the reading of the insulation resistance is greater than the FAILED insulation resistance plus a hysteresis also adjustable; and where in case of an insulation failure in operation, the GFDI melts whose warning is transmitted to the DU and from the DU to the central control causing
    the equipment stop; and where the inverter does not rearm until the GFDI is replaced.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2589148B1|2017-09-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP2648009A1|2010-11-29|2013-10-09|JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation|Ground fault detection device, ground fault detection method, solar energy generator system, and ground fault detection program|
    US20140239967A1|2013-02-22|2014-08-28|Control Techniques Limited|Ground Fault Detection Circuit|
    US20150054523A1|2013-08-26|2015-02-26|Fraunhofer Usa, Inc.|Devices and techniques for detecting faults in photovoltaic systems|
    法律状态:
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